Obat yang Berpotensi Mencetuskan Restless Legs Syndrome

Oleh :

dr. Nindy Adhilah

Beberapa golongan obat, seperti antidepresan dan antipsikotik, dapat menginduksi Restless legs syndrome (RLS) atau penyakit Willis-Ekbom. RLS merupakan kelainan neurologis yang ditandai dengan adanya dorongan kuat untuk menggerakkan tungkai, disertai dengan gangguan sensorik. Keluhan biasanya terjadi pada saat istirahat atau pada malam hari dan membaik dengan aktivitas.

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) terdiri dari RLS primer yang penyebabnya tidak diketahui atau idiopatik, serta RLS sekunder yang dapat disebabkan oleh kelainan sistem saraf atau kelainan medis lain, termasuk anemia defisiensi besi, kehamilan, gagal ginjal stadium akhir, defisiensi vitamin B9 atau B12, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, serta akibat efek samping obat. Obat-obatan yang diduga mencetuskan RLS mayoritas diketahui berdasarkan laporan kasus dan pengalaman klinis. Penelitian prospektif terkait ini masih belum banyak dilakukan.[1-4]

Antidepresan

(Konten ini khusus untuk dokter. Registrasi untuk baca selengkapnya)

Referensi

1. Klingelhoefer L, Bhattacharya K, Reichmann H. Restless legs syndrome. Clinical Medicine. 2016; 16(4):379-382.
2. Patatanian E, Claborn MK. Drug-Induced Restless Legs Syndrome. Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 2018.
3. Bliwise DL, Zhang RH, Kutner NG. Medications Associated with Restless Legs Syndrome: A Case Control Study in the US Renal Data System (USRDS). Sleep Med. 2014; 15(10):1241-1245.
4. Comella CL. Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome. Neurotherapeutics. 2014; 11:177-187.
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7. Basu A, Kundu S, Khurana H. Olanzapine-induced restless leg syndrome: A case report and review of literature. Indian J Pharmacol. 2014; 46(4):450-452
8. Rittmannsberger H, Werl R. Restless legs syndrome induced by quetiapine: report of seven cases and review of the literature. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology. 2013; 16:1427-1431.
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10. Rissardo JP, Caprara ALF. Topiramate-Associated Movement Disorder: Case Series and Literature Review [abstract]. Clinical Neuropharmacology. 2020; 43(4):116-120.
11. Hoque R, Chesson AL. Pharmacologically Induced/Exacerbated Restless Legs Syndrome, Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep, and REM Behavior Disorder/REM Sleep Without Atonia: Literature Review, Qualitative Scoring, and Comparative Analysis. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. 2010; 6(1):79-83
12. Basora E, Wani A, Varghese R, Carter R, Khawaja I, Non-Suicidal Ingestion Of High Dose Anti-Histamine In A 57 Year-Old Women With Insomnia And Restless Leg Syndrome. Sleep. 2017; 40(suppl_1):A462
13. Nishioka H, Kanzawa Y. Restless legs syndrome induced by fexofenadine/pseudoephedrine. J Gen Fam Med. 2020;21:256-257
14. Mansur A, Castillo PR, Rocha Cabrero F, Bokhari SRA. Restless Leg Syndrome. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL); 2020. PMID: 28613628.
15. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Restless Legs Syndrome Fact Sheet. 2017. Available at https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Restless-Legs-Syndrome-Fact-Sheet
16. Sieminski M, Zemotjel L. Acute Drug-Induced Symptoms of Restless Legs Syndrome in an Emergency Department. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. 2019;15(5):779-780