Apakah Terapi Plasma Konvalesens untuk COVID-19 Masih Diperlukan?

Oleh :

Sunita

Terapi plasma konvalesens (TPK) sempat mendapatkan emergency use authorization (EUA) selama hampir seluruh periode pandemi COVID-19. Saat ini, berbagai studi telah dilakukan untuk menilai efektivitas dan keamanan plasma konvalesen sebagai terapi Coronavirus Disease 2019, atau COVID-19. Penggunaan plasma konvalesen pada beberapa epidemi di masa lampau menjadikannya salah satu pilihan terapi COVID-19 yang patut dipertimbangkan.[1,14,16]

Terapi plasma konvalesen (TPK) merupakan salah satu pilihan pengobatan pada pasien COVID-19 dengan severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) di masa lampau. Pemberian plasma konvalesen berhubungan dengan penurunan durasi perawatan dan menurunkan tingkat kematian pada pasien SARS. Akan tetapi, setelah dilakukan studi lebih lanjut, beberapa penelitian tidak menemukan benefit yang didapatkan lebih dari risiko pemberiannya.[14,15]

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Referensi

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3. Rajendran K, Narayanasamy K, Rangarajan J, et al. Convalescent Plasma Transfusion For The Treatment Of COVID-19: Systematic Review. J Med Virol. 2020;(April):1–9.
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10. Mohamed AMS. Clinical Study For Efficacy Of Anti-Corona VS2 Immunoglobulins Prepared From COVID19 Convalescent Plasma Prepared By VIPS Mini-Pool IVIG Medical Devices In Prevention Of SARS-CoV-2 Infection In High Risk Groups As Well As Treatment Of Early Cases Of COVID. 2020.
11. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 91 Tahun 2015 Tentang Standar Pelayanan Transfusi Darah. Indonesia; 2015 p. 1–275.
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14. Cochrane. Updated Cochrane living review investigates the use of convalescent plasma to treat people with COVID-19. Cochrane, 20 May, 2021. https://www.cochrane.org/news/updated-cochrane-living-review-investigates-use-convalescent-plasma-treat-people-covid-19
15. Duan, K. et al. Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(17), (2020) pp. 9490–9496. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2004168117
16. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). FDA Issues Emergency Use Authorization for Convalescent Plasma as Potential Promising COVID–19 Treatment, Another Achievement in Administration’s Fight Against Pandemic. FDA, August 23, 2020.https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-issues-emergency-use-authorization-convalescent-plasma-potential-promising-covid-19-treatment
17. Janiaud, P. et al. “Association of convalescent plasma treatment with clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19,” JAMA, 325(12), (2021), p. 1185. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.2747
18. Li, L. et al. “Effect of convalescent plasma therapy on time to clinical improvement in patients with severe and life-threatening COVID-19,” JAMA, 324(5), (2020) p. 460. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.10044
19. World Health Organization (WHO). WHO recommends against the use of convalescent plasma to treat COVID-19, World Health Organization. World Health Organization, 2021. https://www.who.int/news/item/07-12-2021-who-recommends-against-the-use-of-convalescent-plasma-to-treat-covid-19
20. Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) Guideline on the Treatment and Management of COVID-19, Convalescent Plasma. IDSA, February 2022. idsa-covid-19-gl-tx-and-mgmt---convalescent-plasma-2022-02-03.pdf (idsociety.org)
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