Diagnosis Penyakit Jantung Rematik

Oleh :

dr. Queen Sugih Ariyani

Diagnosis penyakit jantung rematik pada umumnya dideteksi berdasarkan penemuan gejala kelainan katup seperti murmur, dan terdapatnya riwayat demam rematik akut dengan manifestasi klinis tersering karditis (50-70%), artritis (35-66%), chorea (10-30%), nodul subkutan (0-10%),dan eritema marginatum (<6%).[18]

Anamnesis

Pada pasien dengan penyakit jantung rematik, keluhan utama umumnya berupa sesak nafas, orthopneu, nyeri dada, palpitasi, atau gejala lain terkait gangguan jantung. Palpitasi dapat dirasakan pada pasien yang mengalami atrial fibrilasi, sebagai komplikasi dari kelainan katup stenosis mitral.

Referensi

6. Dass C, Kanmanthareddy A. Rheumatic Heart Disease. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538286/
7. Zühlke LJ, Beaton A, et al. Group A Streptococcus, Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease: Epidemiology and Clinical Considerations. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2017;19(2):15. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5346434/#__ffn_sectitle
18. Gewitz MH , Baltimore RS, et al. Revision of the Jones Criteria for the Diagnosis of Acute Rheumatic Fever in the Era of Doppler Echocardiography. Circulation. 2015;131:1806–1818. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000205
19. Zhang W, Mondo C, et al. Presenting features of newly diagnosed rheumatic heart disease patients in Mulago Hospital: a pilot study. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2013;24(2):28‐33. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3734881/
20. Chin TK. Pediatric Rheumatic Heart Disease Clinical Presentation. Medscape. 2019. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/891897-clinical#b2
21. Heart Foundation of New Zealand. New Zealand Guidelines for Rheumatic Fever: Diagnosis, Management and Secondary Prevention of Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease: 2014 Update. https://www.heartfoundation.org.nz/shop/marketing/non-stock-resources/diagnosis-management-rheumatic-fever-guideline.pdf
22. Holland TL, Baddour LM, et al. Infective endocarditis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016;2:16059. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5240923/
23. Baddour LM, Wilson WR, et al. Infective Endocarditis in Adults: Diagnosis, Antimicrobial Therapy, and Management of Complications. Circulation. 2015;132:1435–1486. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000296
24. Schiller NB MD, Ren X, et al. Echocardiographic recognition of cardiomyopathies. Uptodate. 2021. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/echocardiographic-recognition-of-cardiomyopathies
25. Baumgartner H, Falk V, et al. ESC Scientific Document Group, 2017 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease, European Heart Journal. 2017:36(26):2739-2791https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehx391

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