Resistensi injeksi botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) saat ini telah dilaporkan meningkat akibat paparan terhadap produk BoNT-A yang tidak murni secara berulang. Resistensi BoNT-A dapat menurunkan efektivitas terapi dan meningkatkan kebutuhan dosis, sehingga membutuhkan strategi pencegahan yang tepat.[1,2]
Injeksi BoNT-A adalah prosedur estetik yang paling sering dilakukan di seluruh dunia sejak tahun 1999. Dari awal dimanfaatkan hingga kini, indikasi injeksi botulinum toxin A atau botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT-A) terus meluas. Di bidang estetik sendiri, prosedur ini sudah digunakan untuk berbagai macam indikasi, mulai dari mengurangi kerutan, membuat atrofi otot masseter, hingga body contouring.[1,2]
Di luar bidang estetik, injeksi BoNT-A juga merupakan terapi lini pertama untuk banyak kondisi medis, misalnya hiperhidrosis, distonia, nyeri neuropatik, overactive bladder, atau blefarospasme.[1–4]
(Konten ini khusus untuk dokter. Registrasi untuk baca selengkapnya)
Referensi
1. Ho WWS, et al. Emerging Trends in Botulinum Neurotoxin A Resistance: An International Multidisciplinary Review and Consensus. Plast Reconstruct Surg Glob Open 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000004407
2. Corduff et al. Real-world Implications of Botulinum Neurotoxin A Immunoresistance for Consumers and Aesthetic Practitioners: Insights from ASCEND Multidisciplinary Panel. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2024. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000005892
3. Spiegel LL, Ostrem JL, Bledsoe IO. FDA Approvals and Consensus Guidelines for Botulinum Toxins in the Treatment of Dystonia. Toxins (Basel). 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12050332
4. Egeo G, Fofi L, Barbanti P. Botulinum Neurotoxin for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain. Front Neurol. 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00716
5. Park JY, et al. Neurotoxin Impurities: A Review of Threats to Efficacy Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000002627
6. Martin MU, Frevert J, Tay CM. Complexing Protein-Free Botulinum Neurotoxin A Formulations: Implications of Excipients for Immunogenicity. Toxins (Basel). 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins16020101
7. Sirisuthivoranunt S, et al. Comparative Study on the Duration and Efficacy of Various Botulinum Toxin Type A Injections for Reducing Masseteric Muscle Bite Force and Treating Facial Wrinkles. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13555-024-01177-1
8. Bravo BS, de Melo Carvalho R, Gallo BF, Bravo LG. A retrospective study supporting the importance of individualizing the dose of botulinum toxin according to the age. Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery. 2021.
9. Carr WW, Jain N, Sublett JW. Immunogenicity of Botulinum Toxin Formulations: Potential Therapeutic Implications. Adv Ther. 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-021-01882-9
10. Ho WWS, et al. Addressing the Real-World Challenges of Immunoresistance to Botulinum Neurotoxin A in Aesthetic Practice: Insights and Recommendations from a Panel Discussion in Hong Kong. Toxins (Basel). 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15070456
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