Bukti Ilmiah Terkait Efikasi Heparin Topikal untuk Cedera Benturan

Oleh :

dr. Audiza Luthffia

Heparin gel merupakan obat topikal yang dijual bebas dan sering digunakan dalam kasus cedera benturan untuk menghilangkan memar ataupun mengatasi gejala nyeri dan pembengkakan.[1-3]

Benturan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan kapiler, sehingga terjadi ekstravasasi darah ke jaringan subkutan. Oleh karena hal tersebut, dapat terjadi diskolorasi pada kulit (ekimosis) serta terkumpulnya darah dalam jumlah yang cukup banyak pada jaringan di bawah kulit (hematoma subkutan). Ekstravasasi darah dan kerusakan kapiler ini seringkali diikuti reaksi inflamasi yang bermanifestasi sebagai nyeri, eritema, dan edema pada jaringan sekitar.[4,5]

Beberapa bukti ilmiah telah menyatakan heparin topikal bermanfaat untuk mengatasi inflamasi lokal akibat gangguan vena perifer. Namun, bukti ilmiah terkait penggunaan heparin topikal pada kasus cedera benturan atau impact injury masih dipertanyakan.[1-3]

(Konten ini khusus untuk dokter. Registrasi untuk baca selengkapnya)

Referensi

1. Wetzel D, Menke W, Dieter R, Smasal V, Giannetti B, Bulitta M. Escin/diethylammonium salicylate/heparin combination gels for the topical treatment of acute impact injuries: a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, multicentre study. Br J Sports Med. 2002; 36(3):183-8. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.36.3.183.
2. Rostami K, Shahaboddin MA, Niazi F, Karimi Rouzbahani A, Nadri S, Mahmoudvand H. The Effect of Hirodoid Cream on Ecchymosis and Edema around Eyes after Rhinoplasty. World J Plast Surg. 2020;9(2):128-134. doi:10.29252/wjps.9.2.128.
3. Han, Stanisław & Karłowicz-Bodalska, Katarzyna & Kuchar, Ernest. Safety of topical heparin gel: analysis of data from spontaneous reporting system in Poland and literature review. Biophilia. 2011; 1 (4). doi: 10.14813/ibra.1.4_10.
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12. Diebschlag W, Michaelis HC, Nocker W. Efficacy and Safety of a Low Molecular Weight Heparin Ointment in the Treatment of Ankle Sprain Swelling and Pain. Drug Invest, 2012. 51–56. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03259227
13. Saini V, Samra T, Ahuja N, Sethi S. A prospective randomized study to evaluate safety and efficacy of heparin topical solution (1000 IU/ml) compared to heparin topical gel (200 IU/g) in prevention of infusion-associated phlebitis. Indian J Pharmacol. 2018 Nov-Dec;50(6):344-349. doi: 10.4103/ijp.IJP_201_17. PMID: 30783328; PMCID: PMC6364337.