Efektivitas Kortikosteroid Antenatal untuk Maturasi Paru Janin Prematur

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Sunita

Kortikosteroid antenatal umumnya diberikan untuk membantu maturasi paru janin yang berisiko lahir prematur atau preterm. Praktik ini dilakukan secara luas di negara maju maupun negara berkembang karena bukti terdahulu mendukung efektivitasnya. Akan tetapi, keraguan tentang efektivitas tindakan ini masih disampaikan oleh beberapa peneliti, terutama di negara-negara berkembang.[1-3]

Persalinan preterm didefinisikan sebagai adanya kontraksi uterus dengan frekuensi dan intensitas yang cukup untuk menyebabkan pembukaan serviks uteri sebelum cukup masa gestasi. Persalinan preterm masih merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang memengaruhi 11% dari total bayi yang lahir hidup.[4]

Blencowe, et al. memperkirakan bahwa antara dekade 1990 hingga 2010, ada sekitar 12.000.000 kelahiran preterm yang terjadi di negara berkembang, yang menyumbang 80% dari total bayi yang lahir preterm di dunia. Indonesia juga merupakan salah satu negara dengan tingkat kelahiran preterm yang tinggi, yaitu 15,5% dari seluruh kelahiran hidup.[4-6]

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Referensi

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