Penggunaan Ganja dan Kaitannya dengan Gangguan Depresi Mayor, Gangguan Bipolar, dan Skizofrenia

Oleh :

dr.Tommy Raharja, Sp.KJ

Penggunaan ganja, disebut juga cannabis atau marijuana, dianggap berkontribusi terhadap terjadinya gangguan depresi, gangguan bipolar, dan skizofrenia. Hal ini diduga berkaitan dengan pengaruh ganja terhadap pengendalian suasana hati. Ganja dapat memberikan efek sementara peningkatan mood. Namun, beberapa studi mengindikasikan bahwa penggunaan jangka panjang berpotensi mengganggu keseimbangan neurotransmitter otak yang meningkatkan risiko gangguan mental.[1-4]

Peran Neuromodulasi dari Ganja

Ganja atau cannabis mempengaruhi sistem saraf dalam empat domain utama, yakni suasana hati, persepsi, somatisasi, dan kognisi.[5]

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Referensi

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6. Urits I, Charipova K, Gress K, Li N, Berger AA, Cornett EM, Kassem H, Ngo AL, Kaye AD, Viswanath O. Adverse Effects of Recreational and Medical Cannabis. Psychopharmacol Bull. 2021 Jan 12;51(1):94-109. PMID: 33897066; PMCID: PMC8063125.
7. Scherma M, Masia P, Deidda M, Fratta W, Tanda G, Fadda P. New Perspectives on the Use of Cannabis in the Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders. Medicines (Basel). 2018 Oct 2;5(4):107.
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11. Patel S, Khan S, M S, Hamid P. The Association Between Cannabis Use and Schizophrenia: Causative or Curative? A Systematic Review. Cureus. 2020 Jul 21;12(7):e9309. doi: 10.7759/cureus.9309. PMID: 32839678; PMCID: PMC7442038.
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