Epidemiologi Tetanus

Oleh :

dr.Saphira Evani

Data epidemiologi tetanus dari World Health Organization (WHO) pada tahun 2016 menunjukkan ada 13.502 laporan kasus tetanus. Di negara maju seperti Amerika Serikat, hanya sekitar 264 kasus tetanus yang dilaporkan sejak tahun 2009-2017. Di negara maju lainnya seperti Inggris, hanya 11 kasus tetanus dilaporkan selama tahun 2021.[11-13]

Global

Secara global selama tahun 2011-2016 laporan kasus tetanus selalu kurang dari 20.000 kasus per tahun.

Referensi

11. WHO. Tetanus. 2018. https://www.who.int/health-topics/tetanus#tab=tab_1
12. Tetanus surveillance. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2019.
13. Tetanus in England. Annual Report 2021. Public Health England. 2022. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/tetanus-in-england-and-wales-2013/tetanus-in-england-and-wales-2013
14. Havers FP, Moro PL, Hunter P, et al. Use of Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid, and Acellular Pertussis Vaccines: Updated Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020; 69:77.
15. CDC. Final 2015 reports of nationally notifiable infectious diseases and conditions. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016;65(46):1306–1321
16. Gunawan D. Tetanus in adults in Bandung, Indonesia. Neurol J Southeast Asia. 1996;1:43-46. http://www.neurology-asia.org/articles/19962_043.pdf
17. Hierink F, Okiro EA, Flahault A, Ray N. The winding road to health: A systematic scoping review on the effect of geographical accessibility to health care on infectious diseases in low- and middle-income countries. PLoS One. 2021 Jan 4;16(1):e0244921. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244921. PMID: 33395431; PMCID: PMC7781385.https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1756-0500-2-34
18. WHO. WHO vaccine-preventable disease monitoring system global summary. 2010. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/70535/WHO_IVB_2010_eng.pdf;jsessionid=59F3CE446381EB371966D75B03BC9F27?sequence=1
19. Kyu HH, Mumford JE, Stanaway JD, Barber RM, Hancock JR, Vos T, et al. Mortality from tetanus between 1990 and 2015: findings from the global burden of disease study 2015. BMC Public Health. 2017;17:179. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/28178973/
20. Dalal S, Samuelson J, Reed J, Yakubu A, Ncube B, Baggaley R. Tetanus disease and deaths in men reveal need for vaccination. Bull World Health Organ. 2016 Aug 1;94(8):613-21. doi: 10.2471/BLT.15.166777. Epub 2016 Jun 2. PMID: 27516639; PMCID: PMC4969990.
21. Pusdatin Kemenkes RI. Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus Elimination PVA report INO.2020. http://p2p.kemkes.go.id/maternal-and-neonatal-tetanus-elimination-pva-report-ino/

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