Memahami Infeksi Oportunistik pada Transplantasi Organ

Oleh :

dr. Sonny Seputra, Sp.B, M.Ked.Klin, FINACS

Infeksi oportunistik dapat terjadi pada resipien transplantasi organ, karena resipien sering kali berada dalam keadaan imunokompromais. Tanda dan gejala yang muncul pada infeksi oportunistik berbeda dengan infeksi pada umumnya, misalnya demam yang bisa tidak muncul. Oleh karena itu, keadaan ini sering memerlukan pemeriksaan penunjang lebih lanjut untuk menentukan etiologi yang pasti, seperti pemeriksaan mikrobiologi atau radiografi spesifik.[1,2]

Penggunaan antimikroba profilaksis dan obat imunosupresif akan mempengaruhi risiko infeksi. Risiko infeksi serius pada pasien transplantasi organ ditentukan oleh interaksi antara paparan terhadap agen infeksi dan semua faktor yang menyebabkan penurunan kekebalan tubuh pasien.[2,3]

Terapi antimikroba pada pasien penerima organ transplantasi lebih kompleks daripada pasien normal, dengan insidensi toksisitas obat yang signifikan dan kecenderungan interaksi dengan agen imunosupresif yang digunakan untuk mempertahankan fungsi organ transplant.[2,3]

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Referensi

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