Etiologi Dermatitis Kontak Alergi
Etiologi dermatitis kontak alergi adalah paparan terhadap alergen. Bahan-bahan yang berpotensi sebagai alergen di antaranya tanaman rambat Toxicodendron radicans, nikel, lateks pada sarung tangan, pewarna rambut, bahan kimia untuk tekstil, bahan pengawet, parfum, dan tabir surya. Menurut American Contact Dermatitis Society (ACDS), alergen pada dermatitis kontak alergi dapat dibagi menjadi core allergen panel I- IX.[1,4]
Tabel 1. Core Allergen pada Dermatitis Kontak Alergi
Core Allergen Panel I | ||
Nikel sulfat 2,5% | Budesonide | |
Bahan pewangi | Formaldehida | |
Neomycin | Kobalt klorida | |
Core Allergen Panel II | ||
Ethylenediamin dihidroklorida 1% | Imidazolidinyl urea | |
Kalium dikromat | Carba mix | |
Paraben | Thiuram mix | |
Karet hitam | ||
Core Allergen Panel III | ||
Formaldehid 2% | Benzokain | |
Mercaptobenzothiazole | Bacitracin | |
Resin epoxy | Ethylenediamine | |
Core Allergen Panel IV | ||
Propylene glycol 30% | Methyl methacrylate | |
Pewarna biru 106 dan 124 | Natrium tiosulfat emas | |
Ethyl Acrylate | ||
Core Allergen Panel V | ||
Mixed dialkyl thioureas 1%, | Chloroxylenol | |
Propylene glycol | Cetyl Steryl alcohol | |
Glyceryl thioglycolate | Glutaraldehyde | |
Core Allergen Panel VI | ||
Desoximetasone | Ethyl cyanoacrylate | |
Benzyl alcohol | Propolis | |
Benzalkonium chloride | Amidoamine | |
Core Allergen Panel VII | ||
2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid (benzophenone-4) 2% | Ethyleneurea melamine-formaldehyde 5% | |
Asam Sorbat 2% | Ylang-ylang 2%, | |
Phenoxyethanol | Sodium benzoate 5% | |
Ethylhexylglycerin 5% | Sorbitan sesquioleate 20% | |
Core Allergen Panel VIII | ||
Triamcinolone 1% | Clobetasol-17-propionate 1% | |
Amidoamine 0,1% | Alkohol Benzyl 10% | |
Ethyl cyanoacrylate 10% | Phenoxyethanol 1% | |
6-ditert-butyl-4-cresol (BHT) 2% | Disperse orange 3,1% | |
Core Allergen Panel IX | ||
Alkohol Cetyl steryl 20% | Benzyl salicylate 10% | |
Carmine 2.5%, | Pramoxine hydrochloride 2% | |
Lauryl polyglucose (glucosides) 3.0% | Shellac 20% alcohol | |
Jasmine 2% | Peppermint 2.0% |
Referensi
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