Pemilihan Formula Tinggi Kalori untuk Bayi dengan Penyakit Kronis yang Dirawat di Rumah Sakit

Oleh :

dr.Saphira Evani

Pemilihan formula tinggi kalori pada bayi dengan penyakit kronis bertujuan untuk mencegah risiko malnutrisi. Bayi dengan penyakit kronis yang dirawat di rumah sakit mengalami peningkatan risiko malnutrisi, dimana penyebabnya bersifat multifaktorial. Selain dipengaruhi secara langsung oleh penyakit yang mendasarinya, malnutrisi pada bayi dengan penyakit kronis juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain seperti pemberian ASI yang kurang optimal, intoleransi makanan, kebutuhan metabolik meningkat, status nutrisi bayi sebelum sakit, dan faktor genetik.[1,2]

Bayi dengan penyakit kronis lebih rentan untuk dirawat di rumah sakit, terutama bila mengalami eksaserbasi akut. Bayi dengan penyakit kronis yang sering membutuhkan perawatan di rumah sakit antara lain bayi dengan penyakit jantung bawaan, penyakit ginjal kronis, penyakit hati kronis, keganasan, serta penyakit infeksi kronis seperti HIV dan TBC. Susu formula tinggi kalori dapat membantu memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi bayi dengan penyakit kronis yang dirawat di rumah sakit untuk mencegah maupun menangani keadaan malnutrisi yang dialami.[3,4]

Etiologi Malnutrisi pada Bayi dengan Penyakit Kronis

(Konten ini khusus untuk dokter. Registrasi untuk baca selengkapnya)

Referensi

1. Sevilla WMA. Nutritional considerations in pediatric chronic disease. Pediatrics in Review. 2017;38(8):343-352.
2. World Health Organization. Management of infants under 6 months of age with severe acute malnutrition. 2019. https://www.who.int/elena/titles/sam_infants/en/
3. Antonella D, Emanuele C, Teresa C, Daniela G, Carla B, Alessandra L, Massimiliano R. Prevalence and outcome of malnutrition in pediatric patients with chronic diseases: Focus on the settings of care. Clinical Nutrition. 2019;38(4):1877-1882. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30097363-prevalence-and-outcome-of-malnutrition-in-pediatric-patients-with-chronic-diseases-focus-on-the-settings-of-care/
4. Larson-Nath C, Goday P. Malnutrition in children with chronic disease. Nutrition in Clinical Practice. 2019; 34(3):349-358.
5. Arodiwe I, Chinawa J, Ujunwa F, Adiele D, Ukoha M, Obidike E.Nutritional status of congenital heart disease (CHD) patients: Burden and determinant of malnutrition at university of Nigeria teaching hospital Ituku – Ozalla, Enugu. Pak J Med Sci. 2015;31(5):1140-1145.
6. Yang CH, Perumpail BJ, Yoo ER, Ahmed A, Kerner JA. Nutritional needs and support for children with chronic liver disease. Nutrients. 2017;9(10):1127.
7. Rodrigues L, Cervantes E, Ortiz R. Malnutrition and gastrointestinal and respiratory infections in children: A public health problem. Int J Environ Res Public. 2011;8(4):1174-1205.
8. Walson JD, Berkley JA. The impact of malnutrition on childhood infections. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2018;31(3):231-236.
9. Schaible UE, Kaufmann SHE. Malnutrition and infection: Complex mechanisms and global impacts. PLos Med. 2007;4(5):e115.
10. Chiabi A, Obadeyi B, Nguefack FD, Chiabi RM, Berinyuy EN, Chiabi EN, et al. Viscious cycle of malnutrition and childhood infections – What are the policy implications? Archives of Pediatrics and Neonatology. 2018;1(1):21-25.
11. Roman B. Nourishing little hearts: Nutritional implications for congenital heart defects. Practical Gastroenterology. 2011;98:11-34.
12. Mwangome MK, Fegan G, Fulford T, Prentice AM, Berkley JA. Mid-upper arm circumference at age of routine infant vaccination to identify infants at elevated risk of death: a retrospective cohort study in the Gambia. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2012;90:887-894.
13. World Health Organization. Management of severe acute malnutrition in infants and children. https://www.who.int/elena/titles/full_recommendations/sam_management/en/
14. Francis DK, Smith J, Saljuqi T, Watling RM. Oral protein calorie supplementation for children with chronic disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;5:CD001914.
15. Martin CR, Ling PR, Blackburn GL. Review of infant feeding: Key features of breast milk and infant formula. Nutrients. 2016;8(5):279.
16. Hong SJ. Types of special infant formulas marketed in Korea and their indications. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr. 2018;21(3):155-162.
17. Nutricia. Infatrini Data Card. https://www.nutriciahcp.com/uploadedFiles/Main/Sub_sites/ONS_Site/ons/shop/Infatrini-Datacard(47).pdf
18. Fernandez R, Urbano J, Carrillo A, Vivanco A, Solana MJ, Rey C. Comparison of the effect of three different protein content enteral diets on serum levels of proteins, nitrogen balance, and energy expenditure in critically ill infants: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2019;20:585.
19. Smith C, McCabe H, Macdonald S, Morrison L, Prigg R, Trace S. Improved growth, tolerance and intake with an extensively hydrolysed peptide feed in infants with complex disease. Clinical Nutrition. 2018;37:1005-1012.
20. De Betue CT, van Waardenburg DA, Deutz NE, van Eijk HM, van Goudoever JB, Luiking YC, et al. Increased protein-energy intake promotes anabolism in critically ill infants with viral bronchiolitis: a double-blind randomised controlled trial. Arch Dis Child. 2011;96(9):817-822.